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安卓第七天笔记--网络编程
 
作者:森林森 来自于:博客园 发布于 2016-3-22
  2787  次浏览      19
 

Android对网络的支持

Android完全支持JDK本身的TCP,UDP网络通信API,也可以使用ServerSocket,Socket来建立基于TCP/IP协议的网络通信,还可以使用DatagramSocket,Datagrampacket,MulticastSocket来建立 基于UDP的协议网络通信.

同时支持JDK提供的URL,URLConnection等网络通信API.

Andoirdgip内置了Apache的HttpClient,这样可以非常方便的发送HTTP请求,并获取HTTP响应.

1.Socket实现

服务器

package com.itheima.server;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
* ServerSocket 服务端
* @Decription TODO
public class MyServer {

public static ArrayList<Socket> socketList = new ArrayList<Socket>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//建立serversocket

ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(25000);
//服务器一直在运行状态
while(true){
//开始监听
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
socketList.add(socket);
//启动新的线程
new ServerThread(socket).start();
}

} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

}
/*
线程类
*/

package com.itheima.server;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerThread extends Thread {
private Socket socket;

public ServerThread(Socket socket) throws IOException {
//初始化
this.socket = socket;
}

@Override
public void run() {
String ip = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println("ip:"+ip);
BufferedReader br=null;
OutputStream out = null;
try {
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),
"UTF-8"));
out = socket.getOutputStream();

String content = null;
while((content=br.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println("来自客户端:"+content);
//手动加上换行 符,不然没客户端收不到
out.write((content+"\n").toUpperCase().getBytes("utf-8"));

System.out.println("服务发出去了:");
}
out.close();
br.close();
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}
}

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.itheima.mutithreadclient.MainActivity">

<!--接收用户输入的内容-->
<EditText
android:id="@+id/input"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入要发送的内容"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/send"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送"/>

<!--接收服务返回的内容-->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>

子线程

/**
* 线程类
public class ClientThread implements Runnable{
private static final String TAG = "ClientThread";

private Socket s;
// 定义向UI线程发送消息的Handler对象
private Handler handler;
// 定义接收UI线程的消息的Handler对象
public Handler revHandler;
// 该线程所处理的Socket所对应的输入流
BufferedReader br = null;
OutputStream os = null;
public ClientThread(Handler handler)
{
this.handler = handler;
}
public void run()
{
try
{
s = new Socket("192.168.1.103", 25000);
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
s.getInputStream()));
os = s.getOutputStream();
// 启动一条子线程来读取服务器响应的数据
new Thread()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
String content = null;
// 不断读取Socket输入流中的内容
try
{
while ((content = br.readLine()) != null)
{
// 每当读到来自服务器的数据之后,发送消息通知程序
// 界面显示该数据
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = 0x123;
msg.obj = content;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
Log.i(TAG,"服务返回"+content);
}
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
// 为当前线程初始化Looper
Looper.prepare();
// 创建revHandler对象
revHandler = new Handler()
{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg)
{
// 接收到UI线程中用户输入的数据
if (msg.what == 0x345)
{
// 将用户在文本框内输入的内容写入网络
try
{
//手动加上换行符
os.write((msg.obj.toString() + "\r\n")
.getBytes("utf-8"));
Log.i(TAG, "输入的" + msg.obj.toString());
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
// 启动Looper
Looper.loop();
}
catch (SocketTimeoutException e1)
{
System.out.println("网络连接超时!!");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

}

Activity

/**
*
* 使用ServketSocket做服务通信
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private EditText input;

private TextView show;

private ClientThread clientThread;

private Button send;

private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input);

show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);

send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);

/**
* 接收到消息要就显示
*/
handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

if(msg.what==0x123){
show.append("\n"+msg.obj.toString());
}

}
};
//初始化子线程
clientThread = new ClientThread(handler);
//启动子线程
new Thread(clientThread).start();

send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String str = input.getText().toString().trim();

Message msg=new Message();
msg.what=0x345;
msg.obj=str;

//把内容发给子线程
clientThread.revHandler.sendMessage(msg);

//清空文本框
input.setText("");
}
});
}
}


<!--添加网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

2.URL连接网络

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_url"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入URL图片地址"/>

<Button
android:onClick="display"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="显示图片地址"/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>

Activity

/**
* URL连接网络
* 获取URL地址
* 打开流,获取流的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

/*
标识表示成功
*/
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
//路径写死了 也可以获取的方式
private String path ="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=4114593003,3380074209&fm=21&gp=0.jpg";
/*
图片
*/
Bitmap bitmap;

/*
显示图片
*/
ImageView show;

/*
输入的URL
*/
private EditText et_url;

private Handler handler;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url);

show = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.show);


handler = new Handler(){

@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

switch(msg.what){
case SUCCESS:
show.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
break;
}
}
};
}
/**
* 获取输入的地址并显示图片
* @param v 当前对象
*/
public void display(View v){
String strPath = et_url.getText().toString().trim();

if(TextUtils.isEmpty(strPath)){

Toast.makeText(this,"输入的路径不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}

new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {

//获取URL
URL url = new URL(path);
//打开流获取资源
InputStream in = url.openStream();

//使用BitmapFactory转换为Bitmap
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
//获取消息
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=bitmap;

handler.sendMessage(msg);
//关闭
// in.close();
//把文件保存到本地
in =url.openStream();

OutputStream out = openFileOutput("test.png",MODE_PRIVATE);

byte [] buf = new byte [1024];
int len=0;
while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
out.write(buf,0,len);
}
out.close();
in.close();
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}
}).start();

}}

添加网络权限

<!--添加网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

3.URLConnection连接网络

使用URLConnection连接网络

Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password

openConnection

设置请求头信息

connect()建立实际连接

获取输入流conn.getInputStream

读取输入流中的内容

Post方式,

请求地址

将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password

openConnection

设置请求头信息

connect()建立实际连接

setDoOuput(true)

setDoInput(true)

写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());

获取输入流conn.getInputStream

读取输入流中的内容

服务器Servlet

/**
* LoginServlet
* @Decription 处理登录请求的Servlet
@WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/login"})
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
* 获取用户名与密码并转换为UTF-8
String user = request.getParameter("username");
/*String encode = URLEncoder.encode(user,"iso8859-1");
String decode = URLDecoder.decode(encode, "UTF-8");*/

String username =new String(user.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
System.out.println("用户名:"+username);

String pwd=request.getParameter("password");

String password = new String(pwd.getBytes("iso8859-1"), "UTF-8");
System.out.println("密码:"+password);

/*
* 这里写死用户名与密码,
* 正常是去数据库查询
*/
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();

if("admin".equals(username)&& "admin".equals(password)){
writer.write("SUCCESS");

}else{
writer.write("FAILURE");
}
}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("================post===============");
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String username = request.getParameter("username");

String password = request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println("username:"+username+",password: "+password);

if("admin".equals(username) && "admin".equals(password)){
response.getWriter().print("SUCCESS");
}else{
response.getWriter().print("failure");
}
}

}

3.1get请求与Post请求

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.itheima.urlconnection.MainActivity">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_user"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入用户名"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_pwd"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="textPassword"
android:hint="请输入密码"/>
<Button
android:onClick="get"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="GET请求"/>
<Button
android:onClick="post"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="POST 请求"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>

Activity

/**
* 使用URLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求头信息
* connect()建立实际连接
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求头信息
* connect()建立实际连接
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
private static final int ERROR =2 ;
private static final String TAG ="MainActivity" ;
/*
请求的路径
*/
private String path="http://192.168.1.103:8080/Login/login";

private TextView show;

private EditText et_user;

private EditText et_pwd;
/*
Handler 消息处理
*/

private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

/*
初始化
*/
et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);
et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);

show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);

handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case SUCCESS:
show.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络异常",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
}
/**
* get 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
*/
public void get(View v){

String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();

String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();

if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){

Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}

final String urlName =path+"?username="+username+"&password="+password;
/*
get请求
*/
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(urlName);
//打开连接
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();

//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);

// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");
//建立实际连接
conn.connect();
//获取所有的行响应 头字段

Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key:keySet ) {
Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));
}

//定义输入流来获取URL的响应

InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int len=0;

byte [] buf = new byte[1024];

while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
bas.write(buf,0,len);
}

//转换为字符串
String result=bas.toString();

//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}


}
}.start();

}

/**
* post 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
*/
public void post(View v){
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();

String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();

if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){

Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
final String params="username="+username+"&password="+password;
/*
post请求
*/
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(path);
//打开连接
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();

//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);

// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)");
post请求必须有以下2行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);

OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();

out.write(params.getBytes());

//建立实际连接

//获取所有的行响应 头字段

Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key:keySet ) {
Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));
}

//定义输入流来获取URL的响应

InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int len=0;

byte [] buf = new byte[1024];

while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
bas.write(buf,0,len);
}

//转换为字符串
String result=bas.toString();

//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();

}
}

添加网络权限

<!--添加网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

4.Http网络连接

和URLConnection非常类似只获取连接为HttpURULConnection

* 使用HttpURLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("GET")必须大写
*
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
*
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("POST")必须大写
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容


/**
* 使用HttpURLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("GET")必须大写
*
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("POST")必须大写
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
private static final int ERROR =2 ;
private static final String TAG ="MainActivity" ;
/*
请求的路径
*/
private String path="http://192.168.1.100:8080/Login/login";

private TextView show;

private EditText et_user;

private EditText et_pwd;
Handler 消息处理

private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
初始化
et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);
et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);

show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);

handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case SUCCESS:
show.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络异常", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
}
* get 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
public void get(View v){

String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();

String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();

if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){

Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}

final String urlName =path+"?username="+username+"&password="+password;
get请求
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(urlName);
//打开连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//设置请求方式
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
//获取响应码
int code = conn.getResponseCode();

if(code==200) {
//获取所有的行响应 头字段

Map<String, List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
Log.i(TAG, "key" + key + "------------>" + map.get(key));
}

//定义输入流来获取URL的响应

InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int len = 0;

byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
bas.write(buf, 0, len);
}

//转换为字符串
String result = bas.toString();

//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what = SUCCESS;
msg.obj = result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}else{
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();

}

/**
* post 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
*/
public void post(View v){
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();

String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();

if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){

Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
final String params="username="+username+"&password="+password;
/*
post请求
*/
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(path);
//打开连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//设置请求方式
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
/*
post请求必须有以下2行
*/
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();

out.write(params.getBytes());

//建立实际连接

//获取所有的行响应 头字段

Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key:keySet ) {
Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));
}

//定义输入流来获取URL的响应

InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int len=0;

byte [] buf = new byte[1024];

while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
bas.write(buf,0,len);
}

//转换为字符串
String result=bas.toString();

//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();

}
}

5.使用ApacheHttpClient

/**
* 使用HttpClient做网络请求 5.0过期,6.0不可用
*
* 建立HttpClient对象 get请求 建立httpGet对象
* setParams来设置参数
* 也可以将参数拼接在URL地址后面
* post请求 建立HttpPost对象
* 设置请求体
* setEntity
* new UrlEncodedFormEntity(List<? extends NameValuePair>)
* 设置参数
*
* 获取行响应码,判断,
* 获取行响应体
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
private static final int ERROR = 2;
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
/*
* 请求的路径
*/
private String path = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/Login/login";

private TextView show;

private EditText et_user;

private EditText et_pwd;

private HttpClient client;
* Handler 消息处理

private Handler handler;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
* 初始化
client = new DefaultHttpClient();

et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);
et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);

show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);

handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case SUCCESS:
show.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络异常",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
}
* get 方式请求
*
* @param v
* 当前组件

private String urlName ;
public void get(View v) {

String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();

String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();

if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)) {

Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}

try {
urlName = path + "?username="
+ URLEncoder.encode(username, "UTF-8") + "&password="
+ URLEncoder.encode(password, "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {

e1.printStackTrace();
}

/*
* get请求
*/
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(urlName);
/**
* 可以使用HttpParams设置参数 HttpParams params = new
* BasicHttpParams();
*/
// 开始执行
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
// 获取响应码
int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

if (code == 200) {
// 获取内容响应体中的内容
InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();

ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
bas.write(buf, 0, len);
}
String result = bas.toString();
in.close();
//设置消息
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what = SUCCESS;
msg.obj = result;
handler.sendMessage(msg);

} else {
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what = SUCCESS;

handler.sendMessage(msg);

}

} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}

}.start();

}
* post 方式请求
* @param v
* 当前组件
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public void post(View v) {
final String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();

final String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();

if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)) {

Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
/*
* post请求
*/
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//建立Post请求
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(path);

List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", username));
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));
//设置请求体与字符编码
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters,"UTF-8") );

//执行
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
//获取响应码
int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

if (code == 200) {
// 获取内容响应体中的内容
InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();

ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];

while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
bas.write(buf, 0, len);
}
String result = bas.toString();
in.close();
//设置消息
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what = SUCCESS;
msg.obj = result;
handler.sendMessage(msg);

} else {
Message msg = Message.obtain();

msg.what = SUCCESS;

handler.sendMessage(msg);

}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

}

}.start();

}

}

WebView

goBack():后退

goForward():前进

loadUrl(String url):加载指定URL的网页

boolean zoomln():放大网页

zoomOut():缩小网页

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">

<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_url"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入url网址"/>
<WebView
android:id="@+id/wv_show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</WebView>
</LinearLayout>

Activity

/**
* WebView小型浏览器
*
*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

/*
接收输入的URL
*/
private EditText et_url;

/*
显示网页内容
*/
private WebView wv_show;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url);

wv_show = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.wv_show);

}
@Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode,KeyEvent event) {

if(keyCode==KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU){

String urlStr = et_url.getText().toString().trim();
//加载
wv_show.loadUrl(urlStr);

return true;
}

return false;
}

}

添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

7.使用WebHTML加载HTML代码

WebView提供了一具

loadData(String data,String mimeType ,String encoding)方法用于加载HTML,这个方法加载中文时会有乱码

还有一个

loadDataWithURL(String data,String mimeType ,String encoding,String historyUrl)方法是第一个方法的加强,

data:指定的HTML代码

mimeType:指定HTML代码的MIME类型,对象HTML代码可指定为text/html

encoding:指定HTML代码编码所有的字符集:UTF-8

布局中只有一个WebView

/**

* WebView显示HTML

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private WebView webView_show;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

//获取webView组件

webView_show = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView_show);

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

sb.append("<html>");

sb.append("<head>");

sb.append("<title> 欢迎WebView显示HTML</title>");

sb.append("</head>");

sb.append("<body>");

sb.append("<h1 align='center' style='color:red'>显示中文标题</h1>");

sb.append("</body>");

sb.append("</html>");

//加载并显示HTML这个中文会显示乱码

//webView_show.loadData(sb.toString(),"text/html","utf-8");

webView_show.loadDataWithBaseURL(null,sb.toString(),"text/html","utf-8",null);

}

}

8.WebView使用JavaScript调用Android

步骤:

1.调用WebView的get getSettings方法获取WebSettings

2.启用JAVAScript调用功能

webSettings.setJavaScriptEnable(true)

3.调用webView的addJavaScript(Object obj,String name)方法

4.在javaScript脚本中通过刚才暴露的name对象调用Android

5.对象的方法上必须加上注解

这具注解只能用在方法

Html在assets目录下

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>

<title>JS 调用</title>

</head>

<body>

<!-- 注意此处的myObj是Android暴露出来的对象 -->

<input type="button" value="弹Toast"

onclick="person.show();"/>

<input type="button" value="图书列表"

onclick="person.showList();"/>

</body>

</html>

布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent">

<WebView

android:id="@+id/webView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</RelativeLayout>

JAVABean:

/**

public class Person {

private String name;

private int age;

private Context mContext;

public Person(Context context){

this.mContext = context;

}

public Person(String name, int age) {

this.name = name;

this.age = age;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

@JavascriptInterface

public void show(){

Toast.makeText(mContext,"姓名"+this.name+",年龄:"+age,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

* 这具注解只能用在方法

@JavascriptInterface

public void showList(){

new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext)

//设置标题

.setTitle("人员列表")

.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)

.setItems(new String [] {"JAVA","Android","C++","C","PYTHON"},null)

.setPositiveButton("确定",null)

.setNegativeButton("取消",null)

.create().show();

}

}

Activity

/**

* WebView使用JavaScript

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private WebView webView;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);

webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/test.html");

//获取WebView设置对象

WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();

//启用javaScript

webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);

Person person = new Person(this);

person.setName("张三");

person.setAge(18);

//传递对象

webView.addJavascriptInterface(person, "person");

}

}

   
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