| Android对网络的支持
Android完全支持JDK本身的TCP,UDP网络通信API,也可以使用ServerSocket,Socket来建立基于TCP/IP协议的网络通信,还可以使用DatagramSocket,Datagrampacket,MulticastSocket来建立
基于UDP的协议网络通信.
同时支持JDK提供的URL,URLConnection等网络通信API.
Andoirdgip内置了Apache的HttpClient,这样可以非常方便的发送HTTP请求,并获取HTTP响应.
1.Socket实现
服务器
package com.itheima.server;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
* ServerSocket 服务端
* @Decription TODO
public class MyServer {
public static ArrayList<Socket> socketList
= new ArrayList<Socket>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
//建立serversocket
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(25000);
//服务器一直在运行状态
while(true){
//开始监听
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
socketList.add(socket);
//启动新的线程
new ServerThread(socket).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/*
线程类
*/
package com.itheima.server;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ServerThread extends Thread {
private Socket socket;
public ServerThread(Socket socket) throws IOException
{
//初始化
this.socket = socket;
}
@Override
public void run() {
String ip = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
System.out.println("ip:"+ip);
BufferedReader br=null;
OutputStream out = null;
try {
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream(),
"UTF-8"));
out = socket.getOutputStream();
String content = null;
while((content=br.readLine())!=null){
System.out.println("来自客户端:"+content);
//手动加上换行 符,不然没客户端收不到
out.write((content+"\n").toUpperCase().getBytes("utf-8"));
System.out.println("服务发出去了:");
}
out.close();
br.close();
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} |
布局文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.itheima.mutithreadclient.MainActivity">
<!--接收用户输入的内容-->
<EditText
android:id="@+id/input"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入要发送的内容"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/send"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送"/>
<!--接收服务返回的内容-->
<TextView
android:id="@+id/show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout> |
子线程
/**
* 线程类
public class ClientThread implements Runnable{
private static final String TAG = "ClientThread";
private Socket s;
// 定义向UI线程发送消息的Handler对象
private Handler handler;
// 定义接收UI线程的消息的Handler对象
public Handler revHandler;
// 该线程所处理的Socket所对应的输入流
BufferedReader br = null;
OutputStream os = null;
public ClientThread(Handler handler)
{
this.handler = handler;
}
public void run()
{
try
{
s = new Socket("192.168.1.103", 25000);
br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
s.getInputStream()));
os = s.getOutputStream();
// 启动一条子线程来读取服务器响应的数据
new Thread()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
String content = null;
// 不断读取Socket输入流中的内容
try
{
while ((content = br.readLine()) != null)
{
// 每当读到来自服务器的数据之后，发送消息通知程序
// 界面显示该数据
Message msg = new Message();
msg.what = 0x123;
msg.obj = content;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
Log.i(TAG,"服务返回"+content);
}
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
// 为当前线程初始化Looper
Looper.prepare();
// 创建revHandler对象
revHandler = new Handler()
{
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg)
{
// 接收到UI线程中用户输入的数据
if (msg.what == 0x345)
{
// 将用户在文本框内输入的内容写入网络
try
{
//手动加上换行符
os.write((msg.obj.toString() + "\r\n")
.getBytes("utf-8"));
Log.i(TAG, "输入的" + msg.obj.toString());
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
// 启动Looper
Looper.loop();
}
catch (SocketTimeoutException e1)
{
System.out.println("网络连接超时！！");
}
catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} |
Activity
/**
*
* 使用ServketSocket做服务通信
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private EditText input;
private TextView show;
private ClientThread clientThread;
private Button send;
private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
input = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input);
show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);
send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
/**
* 接收到消息要就显示
*/
handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
if(msg.what==0x123){
show.append("\n"+msg.obj.toString());
}
}
};
//初始化子线程
clientThread = new ClientThread(handler);
//启动子线程
new Thread(clientThread).start();
send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String str = input.getText().toString().trim();
Message msg=new Message();
msg.what=0x345;
msg.obj=str;
//把内容发给子线程
clientThread.revHandler.sendMessage(msg);
//清空文本框
input.setText("");
}
});
}
}
|
<!--添加网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> |
2.URL连接网络
布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_url"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入URL图片地址"/>
<Button
android:onClick="display"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="显示图片地址"/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>
|
Activity
/**
* URL连接网络
* 获取URL地址
* 打开流,获取流的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
/*
标识表示成功
*/
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
//路径写死了 也可以获取的方式
private String path ="http://img2.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=4114593003,3380074209&fm=21&gp=0.jpg";
/*
图片
*/
Bitmap bitmap;
/*
显示图片
*/
ImageView show;
/*
输入的URL
*/
private EditText et_url;
private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url);
show = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.show);
handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch(msg.what){
case SUCCESS:
show.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
break;
}
}
};
}
/**
* 获取输入的地址并显示图片
* @param v 当前对象
*/
public void display(View v){
String strPath = et_url.getText().toString().trim();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(strPath)){
Toast.makeText(this,"输入的路径不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取URL
URL url = new URL(path);
//打开流获取资源
InputStream in = url.openStream();
//使用BitmapFactory转换为Bitmap
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
//获取消息
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=bitmap;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
//关闭
// in.close();
//把文件保存到本地
in =url.openStream();
OutputStream out = openFileOutput("test.png",MODE_PRIVATE);
byte [] buf = new byte [1024];
int len=0;
while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
out.write(buf,0,len);
}
out.close();
in.close();
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}}
|
添加网络权限
<!--添加网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> |
3.URLConnection连接网络
使用URLConnection连接网络
Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
openConnection
设置请求头信息
connect()建立实际连接
获取输入流conn.getInputStream
读取输入流中的内容
Post方式,
请求地址
将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
openConnection
设置请求头信息
connect()建立实际连接
setDoOuput(true)
setDoInput(true)
写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
获取输入流conn.getInputStream
读取输入流中的内容
服务器Servlet
/**
* LoginServlet
* @Decription 处理登录请求的Servlet
@WebServlet(urlPatterns={"/login"})
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
* 获取用户名与密码并转换为UTF-8
String user = request.getParameter("username");
/*String encode = URLEncoder.encode(user,"iso8859-1");
String decode = URLDecoder.decode(encode, "UTF-8");*/
String username =new String(user.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"utf-8");
System.out.println("用户名:"+username);
String pwd=request.getParameter("password");
String password = new String(pwd.getBytes("iso8859-1"),
"UTF-8");
System.out.println("密码:"+password);
/*
* 这里写死用户名与密码,
* 正常是去数据库查询
*/
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
if("admin".equals(username)&&
"admin".equals(password)){
writer.write("SUCCESS");
}else{
writer.write("FAILURE");
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("================post===============");
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println("username:"+username+",password:
"+password);
if("admin".equals(username) &&
"admin".equals(password)){
response.getWriter().print("SUCCESS");
}else{
response.getWriter().print("failure");
}
}
} |
3.1get请求与Post请求
布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.itheima.urlconnection.MainActivity">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_user"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入用户名"/>
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_pwd"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:inputType="textPassword"
android:hint="请输入密码"/>
<Button
android:onClick="get"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="GET请求"/>
<Button
android:onClick="post"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="POST 请求"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</LinearLayout>
|
Activity
/**
* 使用URLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求头信息
* connect()建立实际连接
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求头信息
* connect()建立实际连接
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
private static final int ERROR =2 ;
private static final String TAG ="MainActivity"
;
/*
请求的路径
*/
private String path="http://192.168.1.103:8080/Login/login";
private TextView show;
private EditText et_user;
private EditText et_pwd;
/*
Handler 消息处理
*/
private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
/*
初始化
*/
et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);
et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);
show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);
handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case SUCCESS:
show.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"网络异常",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
}
/**
* get 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
*/
public void get(View v){
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();
String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){
Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
final String urlName =path+"?username="+username+"&password="+password;
/*
get请求
*/
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(urlName);
//打开连接
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection",
"Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows
NT 5.1; SV1)");
//建立实际连接
conn.connect();
//获取所有的行响应 头字段
Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key:keySet ) {
Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));
}
//定义输入流来获取URL的响应
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len=0;
byte [] buf = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
bas.write(buf,0,len);
}
//转换为字符串
String result=bas.toString();
//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();
}
/**
* post 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
*/
public void post(View v){
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();
String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){
Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
final String params="username="+username+"&password="+password;
/*
post请求
*/
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(path);
//打开连接
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection",
"Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows
NT 5.1; SV1)");
post请求必须有以下2行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(params.getBytes());
//建立实际连接
//获取所有的行响应 头字段
Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key:keySet ) {
Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));
}
//定义输入流来获取URL的响应
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len=0;
byte [] buf = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
bas.write(buf,0,len);
}
//转换为字符串
String result=bas.toString();
//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();
}
} |
添加网络权限
<!--添加网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> |
4.Http网络连接
和URLConnection非常类似只获取连接为HttpURULConnection
* 使用HttpURLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("GET")必须大写
*
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
*
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("POST")必须大写
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容 |
/**
* 使用HttpURLConnection连接网络
*Get方式只要 获取请求地址把请求参数拼接在URL地址后面"?username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("GET")必须大写
*
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
* Post方式,
* 请求地址
* ,将参数单独拼接为一个字符串params="username="+user+"&password="+password
* openConnection
* 设置请求方法setRequestMethod("POST")必须大写
* setDoOuput(true)
* setDoInput(true)
* 写出参数conn.getOutPutStream().write(params.getBytes());
* 获取输入流conn.getInputStream
* 读取输入流中的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
private static final int ERROR =2 ;
private static final String TAG ="MainActivity" ;
/*
请求的路径
*/
private String path="http://192.168.1.100:8080/Login/login";
private TextView show;
private EditText et_user;
private EditText et_pwd;
Handler 消息处理
private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
初始化
et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);
et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);
show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);
handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what){
case SUCCESS:
show.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络异常",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
}
* get 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
public void get(View v){
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();
String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){
Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
final String urlName =path+"?username="+username+"&password="+password;
get请求
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(urlName);
//打开连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//设置请求方式
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
//获取响应码
int code = conn.getResponseCode();
if(code==200) {
//获取所有的行响应 头字段
Map<String, List<String>> map =
conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
Log.i(TAG, "key" + key + "------------>"
+ map.get(key));
}
//定义输入流来获取URL的响应
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
bas.write(buf, 0, len);
}
//转换为字符串
String result = bas.toString();
//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what = SUCCESS;
msg.obj = result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}else{
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();
}
/**
* post 方式请求
* @param v 当前组件
*/
public void post(View v){
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();
String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
if(TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password)){
Toast.makeText(this,"用户名或者密码不能为空",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return ;
}
final String params="username="+username+"&password="+password;
/*
post请求
*/
new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//获取请求URL地址
URL url=new URL(path);
//打开连接
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//设置超时时间
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
//设置请求方式
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
/*
post请求必须有以下2行
*/
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(params.getBytes());
//建立实际连接
//获取所有的行响应 头字段
Map<String,List<String>> map = conn.getHeaderFields();
Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
for (String key:keySet ) {
Log.i(TAG,"key"+key+"------------>"+map.get(key));
}
//定义输入流来获取URL的响应
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas= new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len=0;
byte [] buf = new byte[1024];
while((len=in.read(buf))!=-1){
bas.write(buf,0,len);
}
//转换为字符串
String result=bas.toString();
//设置消息对象
Message msg = Message.obtain();
//成功就发送SUCCESS
msg.what=SUCCESS;
msg.obj=result;
//发送
handler.sendMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
//出异常就发送ERROR
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what=ERROR;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
}
}.start();
}
} |
5.使用ApacheHttpClient
/**
* 使用HttpClient做网络请求 5.0过期,6.0不可用
*
* 建立HttpClient对象 get请求 建立httpGet对象
* setParams来设置参数
* 也可以将参数拼接在URL地址后面
* post请求 建立HttpPost对象
* 设置请求体
* setEntity
* new UrlEncodedFormEntity(List<? extends NameValuePair>)
* 设置参数
*
* 获取行响应码,判断,
* 获取行响应体
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final int SUCCESS = 1;
private static final int ERROR = 2;
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
/*
* 请求的路径
*/
private String path = "http://192.168.1.100:8080/Login/login";
private TextView show;
private EditText et_user;
private EditText et_pwd;
private HttpClient client;
* Handler 消息处理
private Handler handler;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
* 初始化
client = new DefaultHttpClient();
et_user = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_user);
et_pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_pwd);
show = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.show);
handler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case SUCCESS:
show.setText(msg.obj.toString());
break;
case ERROR:
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "网络异常",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
}
}
};
}
* get 方式请求
*
* @param v
* 当前组件
private String urlName ;
public void get(View v) {
String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();
String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码不能为空",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
try {
urlName = path + "?username="
+ URLEncoder.encode(username, "UTF-8")
+ "&password="
+ URLEncoder.encode(password, "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
/*
* get请求
*/
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
HttpGet get = new HttpGet(urlName);
/**
* 可以使用HttpParams设置参数 HttpParams params = new
* BasicHttpParams();
*/
// 开始执行
HttpResponse response = client.execute(get);
// 获取响应码
int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (code == 200) {
// 获取内容响应体中的内容
InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
bas.write(buf, 0, len);
}
String result = bas.toString();
in.close();
//设置消息
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = SUCCESS;
msg.obj = result;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
} else {
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = SUCCESS;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
* post 方式请求
* @param v
* 当前组件
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public void post(View v) {
final String username = et_user.getText().toString().trim();
final String password = et_pwd.getText().toString().trim();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(username) || TextUtils.isEmpty(password))
{
Toast.makeText(this, "用户名或者密码不能为空",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
/*
* post请求
*/
new Thread() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
//建立Post请求
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(path);
List<NameValuePair> parameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username",
username));
parameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password",
password));
//设置请求体与字符编码
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters,"UTF-8")
);
//执行
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
//获取响应码
int code = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (code == 200) {
// 获取内容响应体中的内容
InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent();
ByteArrayOutputStream bas = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
while ((len = in.read(buf)) != -1) {
bas.write(buf, 0, len);
}
String result = bas.toString();
in.close();
//设置消息
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = SUCCESS;
msg.obj = result;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
} else {
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = SUCCESS;
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.start();
}
} |
WebView
goBack():后退
goForward():前进
loadUrl(String url):加载指定URL的网页
boolean zoomln():放大网页
zoomOut():缩小网页
布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/et_url"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入url网址"/>
<WebView
android:id="@+id/wv_show"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</WebView>
</LinearLayout>
|
Activity
/**
* WebView小型浏览器
*
*/
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
/*
接收输入的URL
*/
private EditText et_url;
/*
显示网页内容
*/
private WebView wv_show;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url);
wv_show = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.wv_show);
}
@Override
public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode,KeyEvent
event) {
if(keyCode==KeyEvent.KEYCODE_MENU){
String urlStr = et_url.getText().toString().trim();
//加载
wv_show.loadUrl(urlStr);
return true;
}
return false;
}
} |
添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/> |
7.使用WebHTML加载HTML代码
WebView提供了一具
loadData(String data,String mimeType ,String encoding)方法用于加载HTML,这个方法加载中文时会有乱码
还有一个
loadDataWithURL(String data,String mimeType ,String
encoding,String historyUrl)方法是第一个方法的加强,
data:指定的HTML代码
mimeType:指定HTML代码的MIME类型,对象HTML代码可指定为text/html
encoding:指定HTML代码编码所有的字符集:UTF-8
布局中只有一个WebView
/**
* WebView显示HTML
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{
private WebView webView_show;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//获取webView组件
webView_show = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView_show);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("<html>");
sb.append("<head>");
sb.append("<title> 欢迎WebView显示HTML</title>");
sb.append("</head>");
sb.append("<body>");
sb.append("<h1 align='center' style='color:red'>显示中文标题</h1>");
sb.append("</body>");
sb.append("</html>");
//加载并显示HTML这个中文会显示乱码
//webView_show.loadData(sb.toString(),"text/html","utf-8");
webView_show.loadDataWithBaseURL(null,sb.toString(),"text/html","utf-8",null);
}
} |
8.WebView使用JavaScript调用Android
步骤:
1.调用WebView的get getSettings方法获取WebSettings
2.启用JAVAScript调用功能
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnable(true)
3.调用webView的addJavaScript(Object obj,String name)方法
4.在javaScript脚本中通过刚才暴露的name对象调用Android
5.对象的方法上必须加上注解
这具注解只能用在方法
Html在assets目录下
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>JS 调用</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 注意此处的myObj是Android暴露出来的对象 -->
<input type="button" value="弹Toast"
onclick="person.show();"/>
<input type="button" value="图书列表"
onclick="person.showList();"/>
</body>
</html> |
布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<WebView
android:id="@+id/webView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</RelativeLayout> |
JAVABean:
/**
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
private Context mContext;
public Person(Context context){
this.mContext = context;
}
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
@JavascriptInterface
public void show(){
Toast.makeText(mContext,"姓名"+this.name+",年龄:"+age,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
* 这具注解只能用在方法
@JavascriptInterface
public void showList(){
new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext)
//设置标题
.setTitle("人员列表")
.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setItems(new String [] {"JAVA","Android","C++","C","PYTHON"},null)
.setPositiveButton("确定",null)
.setNegativeButton("取消",null)
.create().show();
}
} |
Activity
/**
* WebView使用JavaScript
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity
{
private WebView webView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webView);
webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/test.html");
//获取WebView设置对象
WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
//启用javaScript
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
Person person = new Person(this);
person.setName("张三");
person.setAge(18);
//传递对象
webView.addJavascriptInterface(person, "person");
}
} |
|
