.NET Core 微服务架构 Steeltoe 使用（基于 Spring Cloud）-微服务

.NET Core 微服务架构 Steeltoe 使用（基于 Spring Cloud）

4700 次浏览

2018-7-2

编辑推荐:

本文来自于cnblogs ，介绍了Spring Cloud Eureka 注册服务及调用，Spring Cloud Hystrix 断路器，Spring Cloud Hystrix 指标监控，Spring Cloud Config 配置中心。

1. Spring Cloud Eureka 注册服务及调用

项目代码：https://github.com /yuezhongxin /Steeltoe.Samples /tree /master /Discovery- CircuitBreaker /AspDotNetCore

首先，需要部署一个或多个 Spring Cloud Eureka 服务注册中心，可以使用 Spring Boot 很方便进行实现，这边就不说了。

创建一个 APS.NET Core 应用程序（2.0 版本），然后 Nuget 安装程序包：

> install- package Pivotal.Discovery.ClientCore

在appsettings.json配置文件中，增加下面配置：

{
"spring": {
"application": {
"name": "fortune-service"
}
},
"eureka": {
"client": {
"serviceUrl": "http:// 192.168.1.32:8100 /eureka /",
"shouldFetchRegistry ": true, //Enable or disable registering as a service
"shouldRegisterWithEureka" : true, //Enable or disable discovering services
"validate_certificates" : false
},
"instance": {
//"hostName" : "localhost",
"port": 5000
}
}
}

这样我们启动 APS.NET Core 应用程序，就会将fortune- service服务注册到 Eureka 中了。

EUREKA-CLIENT是用 Spring Boot 实现的一个服务，下面我们测试FORTUNE-SERVICE如何调用EUREKA-CLIENT。

创建一个IEurekaClientService接口：

public interface IEurekaClientService
{
Task <string> GetServices();
}

然后再创建IEurekaClientService接口的实现EurekaClientService：

public class EurekaClientService : IEurekaClientService
{
DiscoveryHttpClientHandler _ handler;
private const string GET_ SERVICES_ URL = "http: // eureka - client /home";
private ILogger <EurekaClientService> _ logger;
public EurekaClientService (IDiscoveryClient client, ILoggerFactory logFactory = null)
: base ( options)
{
_ handler = new DiscoveryHttpClientHandler (client, logFactory ?.CreateLogger <DiscoveryHttp ClientHandler> ());
_ logger = logFactory?.CreateLogger <EurekaClientService> ();
}
public async Task <string> GetServices()
{
_logger? .LogInformation ("GetServices");
var client = GetClient ();
return await client .GetStringAsync (GET_ SERVICES_ URL);
}
private HttpClient GetClient()
{
var client = new HttpClient (_ handler, false);
return client;
}
}

然后创建一个FortunesController：

[Route("api")]
public class FortunesController : Controller
{
private IEurekaClientService _ eurekaClientService;
private ILogger <FortunesController> _logger;
public FortunesController (IEureka ClientService eureka ClientService , ILogger <FortunesController> logger)
{
_eurekaClientService = eurekaClientService;
_logger = logger;
}
// GET: api /services
[HttpGet ("services")]
public async Task <IActionResult> GetServices()
{
_logger? .LogInformation ("api/services");
return Ok (await _eurekaClientService .GetServices());
}
}

最后在Startup.cs中，添加如下配置：

public class Startup
{
public Startup (IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; private set; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices (IServiceCollection services)
{
// 加载服务注册配置
services.AddDiscoveryClient (Configuration);
// Add framework services.
services.AddMvc();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure (IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env , ILoggerFactory loggerFactory , IApplicationLifetime lifetime)
{
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseMvc();
// 启动服务注册
app.UseDiscoveryClient();
}
}

然后重新启动服务，执行命令：

$ curl http:/ /192.168.1.3:5000/ api/services
Services (get all by DiscoveryClient): [eureka- client , fortune - service] %

可以看到，调用是成功的，实际调用的是EUREKA-CLIENT服务的接口，获取的是 Eureka 注册中心，所有的注册服务信息。

ASP.NET 4.x 版本的实现，和上面的类似，这边就不叙述了，可以查看项目代码：https: //github.com /yuezhongxin /Steeltoe.Samples /tree/ master /Discovery- CircuitBreaker /AspDotNet4

2. Spring Cloud Hystrix 断路器

项目代码：https: //github.com /yuezhongxin /Steeltoe .Samples /tree /master /Configuration /AspDotNetCore

Spring Cloud Hystrix 的实现，需要我们对上面的项目进行改造下。

IEurekaClientService 增加一个GetServicesWithHystrix 接口：

public interface IEurekaClientService
{
Task<string> GetServices();
Task<string> GetServicesWithHystrix();
}

然后对其进行实现：

public class EurekaClientService : HystrixCommand <string>, IEurekaClientService
{
DiscoveryHttpClientHandler _ handler;
private const string GET_ SERVICES_URL = " http: // eureka - client /home";
private ILogger <EurekaClientService> _ logger;
public EurekaClientService (IHystrixCommandOptions options, IDiscoveryClient client, ILoggerFactory logFactory = null)
:base ( options)
{
_handler = new DiscoveryHttpClientHandler(client, logFactory ?.CreateLogger <DiscoveryHttpClientHandler> ());
IsFallbackUserDefined = true;
_logger = logFactory? .CreateLogger <EurekaClientService>();
}
public async Task <string> GetServices()
{
_logger? .LogInformation ("GetServices");
var client = GetClient();
return await client.GetStringAsync (GET_SERVICES_URL);
}
public async Task <string> GetServicesWithHystrix()
{
_logger?.LogInformation ("GetServices");
var result = await ExecuteAsync();
_logger?.LogInformation ("GetServices returning: " + result );
return result;
}
protected override async Task <string> RunAsync()
{
_logger?.LogInformation ("RunAsync");
var client = GetClient();
var result = await client.GetStringAsync (GET_SERVICES_URL);
_logger?.LogInformation ("RunAsync returning: " + result);
return result;
}
protected override async Task <string> RunFallbackAsync()
{
_logger?.LogInformation ("RunFallbackAsync");
return await Task.FromResult ("This is a error（服务断开，稍后重试）!");
}
private HttpClient GetClient()
{
var client = new HttpClient (_handler, false);
return client;
}
}

然后还需要在Startup.cs中添加注入：

public void ConfigureServices (IServiceCollection services )
{
// Register FortuneService Hystrix command
services .AddHystrixCommand <IEurekaClientService , EurekaClientService> ("eureka- client" , Configuration ) ;
}

然后重启服务，执行命令：

$ curl http: //192.168.1.3 :5000 /api /services / hystrix
Services(get all by DiscoveryClient): [eureka- client, fortune- service]%

Hystrix 断路器的作用，体现在调用服务出现问题不能访问，这边可以进行熔断处理，我们把eureka-client服务停掉，然后再进行访问测试：

$ curl http: //192.168.1.3:5000 /api /services /hystrix
This is a error（服务断开，稍后重试）!%

可以看到，Hystrix 起到了作用。

ASP.NET 4.x 版本的实现，和上面的类似，这边就不叙述了，可以查看项目代码：https: //github.com/ yuezhongxin/ Steeltoe.Samples/ tree/ master/ Discovery- CircuitBreaker/ AspDotNet4

3. Spring Cloud Hystrix 指标监控

项目代码：https://github.com /yuezhongxin /Steeltoe.Samples /tree /master /Discovery - CircuitBreaker /AspDotNetCore

在实际应用中，我们需要对 Hystrix 断路器进行监控，比如熔断请求有多少等等，Spring Cloud 中的实现有 Turbine 进行收集，数据展示的话使用 Hystrix Dashboard。

这边需要我们先创建一个 Hystrix Dashboard 项目，我使用的 Spring Boot 进行实现，这边就不叙述了。

我们需要再对上面的项目进行改造，在Startup.cs中添加配置，以启动 Hystrix 指标监控。

public class Startup
{
public void ConfigureServices (IServiceCollection services)
{
// Add Hystrix metrics stream to enable monitoring
services.AddHystrixMetricsStream (Configuration);
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory , IApplicationLifetime lifetime)
{
// Startup Hystrix metrics stream
app.UseHystrixMetricsStream();
}
}

另外，还需要配置下Fortune- Teller- Service .csproj：

然后重启项目，然后浏览器打开：http: //192.168.1.3:5000/ hystrix/ hystrix.stream

会看到不断实时刷新的 Hystrix 指标监控数据了，但显示并不友好，我们还需要在仪表盘中显示。

浏览器打开 Hystrix Dashboard（地址：http: //192.168.1.31: 8170 /hystrix），然后在输入框中输入：http: //192.168 .1.3:5000 /hystrix/ hystrix .stream

然后点击 Monitor Stream 按钮，就可以看到 Hystrix 图形化监控了（多次请求http:/ /192.168.1.3:500 0/api /services /hystrix ，以便测试）：

另外，ASP.NET 4.x 版本配置的话，访问http: //192.168 .1.3: 5000/ hystrix/ hystrix. stream会报 404 错误，原因是 ASP.NET 4.x 版本暂不支持 Cloud Foundry 以外的平台，详情参见：

4. Spring Cloud Config 配置中心

项目代码：https: //github.com /yuezhongxin /Steeltoe .Samples /tree /master /Configuration /AspDotNetCore

需要注意的是，这边只测试 Steeltoe 读取配置中心数据，需要先开发一个 Spring Cloud Config Server 配置中心服务，这边就不叙述了。

我使用的 GitHub 作为配置中心仓库，xishuai- config- dev.yml配置详情：

info:
profile: dev
name: xishuai7
password : '{cipher}AQAc+ v42S+FW7H5DiATfee HY887 KLwmeBq +cbXYslcQTtEBNL9a5FKbeF1qDpwrscW tGThPsbb0Q FUMb03FN6yZBP2ujF29J8Fvm89 igasxA7F67ohJgUkuniqOsMNqm 5juexCTGJvzPkyiny mGFYz55MUqrySZQP bRxoQU9tcfbOv9 AH4 xR /3DPe5krqjo3kk5pK6QWpH37rBgQZLmM7TWooyPiRkuc5Wn / 1z6rQIzH5 rCLqv4C8J16 MAwgU1W +KTrHd4t 8hIDAQG9vwkL 9SYAvlz38HMKL 9utu2g4c9jhAJE /H0mePlp+ LDrWSgnC+R+ nyH9 1niaUlwv3wsehP0maYCgEsTJn /3vsNouk5 VCy4IGGZ bkPubuJM 6hE8RP0r4 ='

注：对password进行了加密处理。

创建一个 APS.NET Core 应用程序（2.0 版本），然后 Nuget 安装程序包：

> install- package Steeltoe .Extensions .Configuration .ConfigServerCore

在appsettings.json配置文件中，增加下面配置：

{
"spring": {
"application": {
"name": "xishuai-config" //配置文件名称
},
"cloud": {
"config": {
"uri": "http: //manager1:8180", //指向配置中心地址
"env": "dev" //配置中心profile
}
}
}
}

然后创建一个ConfigServerData模型：

public class ConfigServerData
{
public Info Info { get; set; }
}
public class Info
{
public string Profile { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Password { get; set; }
}

增加HomeController访问：

public class HomeController : Controller
{
private IOptionsSnapshot <ConfigServerData> IConfigServerData { get; set; }
private IConfigurationRoot Config { get; set; }
public HomeController (IConfigurationRoot config, IOptionsSnapshot <ConfigServerData> configServerData)
{
if (configServerData != null)
IConfigServerData = configServerData;
Config = config;
}
public IActionResult Error()
{
return View();
}
public ConfigServerData ConfigServer()
{
var data = IConfigServerData.Value;
return data;
}
public IActionResult Reload()
{
if (Config != null)
{
Config.Reload();
}
return View();
}
}

Startup.cs中增加配置：

public class Startup
{
public Startup (IHostingEnvironment env)
{
var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.SetBasePath (env.ContentRootPath)
.AddJsonFile ("appsettings.json" , optional: false , reloadOnChange : true)
.AddJsonFile ($"appsettings.{env. EnvironmentName}.json", optional : true)
.AddEnvironmentVariables ()
.AddConfigServer (env);
Configuration = builder.Build();
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; set; }
// This method gets called by the runtime . Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices (IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddOptions();
// Optional : Adds IConfiguration and IConfigurationRoot to service container
services.AddConfiguration(Configuration);
// Adds the configuration data POCO configured with data returned from the Spring Cloud Config Server
services .Configure <ConfigServerData> (Configuration);
}
}

启动项目，然后执行命令：

$ curl http: //192.168.1.3 :5000 /home/ ConfigServer
{"info": {"profile":"dev","name" :"xishuai7" ,"password" :"xishuai123" }}

当配置中心数据更新了，可以访问http: //192.168.1.3: 5000 /home/ Reload进行刷新配置。

ASP.NET 4.x 版本的实现，和上面的类似，这边就不叙述了，可以查看项目代码：https: //github.com /yuezhongxin /Steeltoe .Samples/ tree/ master /Configuration/ AspDotNet4

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